Efficient synthesis of structurally diverse polysubstituted non-fused pyrimidines (NFPs) and their derivatives via four-component reaction (4-CRs) protocols
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v5i10.909Keywords:
pyrimidines, multicomponent reactions, transition metal catalysis, one-pot synthesis, atom economyAbstract
Pyrimidine derivatives are vital nitrogen-containing heterocycles with significant biological and industrial importance. This review summarizes the advancements in their synthesis from 2005 to 2025, focusing on the shift from traditional multi-step methods to sustainable one-pot multicomponent reactions (MCRs). We highlight the efficacy of various transition metal catalysts and the emergence of metal-free, solvent-free, and microwave/ultrasound-assisted protocols. This compilation provides a strategic framework for developing atom-economical and eco-friendly pathways to access pyrimidine scaffolds.
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