Polymorphism of the NRAMP1 gene association with haematological and physiological parameters of chickens inoculated with attenuated Salmonella enteritidis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v5i2.832Keywords:
NRAMP1, Salmonella genus, salmonellosis, candidate geneAbstract
Poultry production is plagued by many severe diseases, one of which is salmonellosis. Treatment of this disease with antibiotics often leads to the development of bacteria-resistant strains and the accumulation of antibiotic residue in food, hence the need to use a safer method of treatment. NRAMP1 is a candidate gene for natural immune response associated with Salmonella enteritidis. One hundred and twenty pure-breed progenies generated from Naked Neck, Fulani ecotype, and Sasso chickens were reared together from day old to 8 weeks. At 7 weeks, 10 birds were randomly selected from each genotype, and 2 mL of blood sample was obtained from each bird for laboratory analysis. The selected birds were inoculated with attenuated S. enteritidis at week 8, and thereafter, 2 mL of blood was obtained from each bird’s jugular vein for laboratory analysis. Data were collected on Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Haemoglobin (HB), Red Blood Cell (RBC), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), White Blood Cell (WBC), Neutrophils (N), Lymphocytes (L), Monocytes (M), Basophils (B), Eosinophils (E) and Platelet (PLT). The result revealed that genotype and inoculation of Salmonella had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on all the haematological parameters studied except for the Eosinophils (p > 0.05). Sasso chickens had Eosinophilis values before and after (0.00 ± 0.00 and 1.37 ± 0.65), NN (0.50 ± 0.50 and 1.50 ± 0.50), and FE (0.00 ± 0.00). The results of the analysis indicated that SNPs were positively associated with body weight, pulse rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, and heat stress index of Sasso chickens. SNPs 1G>C, 2G>T, 6G>C, and 84 C>T associated better with PR, RR, and W, while 84 C>T and 145 C>T associated better with RT and HSI, respectively. Conclusively, there was a significant effect of genotype on all haematological parameters except eosinophils before and after inoculation. Naked Neck had the highest values in all parameters except for mean corpuscular haemoglobin and lymphocytes. Also, there is a significant association between exon 11 of the NRAMP1 gene polymorphisms and physiological and haematological parameters.
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