Comparative yield of maggots and nutrient composition of maggot meal produced from three different substrates
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v3i9.633Keywords:
maggot meal, attractant, poultry droppings, cow dung, pig dungAbstract
As part of the effort in developing alternative protein ingredient to reduce the costs of feed associated with livestock production, maggotries were constructed to compare the yield and chemical composition of maggot meal produced from three substrates – poultry dropping, pig, and cattle dung. 150 kg each of poultry droppings, pig, and cattle dung were assigned into three treatments and further divided into 3 replicates of 50 kg each. Three liters of fresh cattle blood (attractant) was added per replicate without stirring. The housefly (Musca domestica) shed its eggs on the blood in the course of feeding which later developed into maggot. The collection of data started 5 days after the emergence of maggots on the substrates. 4.91 kg of maggot was obtained from poultry dropping, 3.53 kg from pig dung, and 0.95 kg from cattle dung. The chemical composition showed that maggot meal produced from poultry dropping substrate is higher in crude protein and crude fat (42.53% and 7.38%) than that of pig dung (40.78% and 6.08%) and cattle dung (41.69% and 6.29%) respectively. The amino acids composition of maggot meal produced from poultry dropping (lysine 0.89%, methionine 0.67%, and tryptophan 0.74%) were also comparably higher than that from pig dung (lysine 0.57%, methionine 0.38% and tryptophan 0.51%) and cattle dung (lysine 0.76%, methionine 0.51 kg and tryptophan 0.68%). However, the microbial load and mineral composition were observed to be higher in maggot meal produced from pig dung than those obtained from poultry dropping and cattle dung. Poultry dropping is of higher yield in maggot meal production, crude protein, crude fat, amino acid composition, and lower microbial load than pig and cattle dung. Although the maggot meals obtained from the three substrates can be used as an alternative protein source, poultry dropping has a higher yield and nutrient profile.
References
Adesulu, E. A., & Mustapha, A. K. (2000). Use of housefly maggots as a fishmeal replacer in tilapia culture: A recent vogue in Nigeria. In: 5th International Symposium on tilapia Aquaculture, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1, 138-143.
Ahmad, I., Ullah, M., Alkafafy, M., Ahmed, N., Mahmoud, S. Sohail, K. Ullah, H., Wafaa, M. A., Ahmed, M. M., & Sayed, S. M. (2022). Identification of the economics, composition and supplementation of maggot meal in broiler production. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 29(11), 103277-103285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.03.027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.03.027
Ajani, E.R., Nwanma, L.C. & Musa, B.O. (2004). Replacement of fishmeal with maggot meal in the diets of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. World Aquaculture- Baton Rouge: 32-55.
Ajiboye, O.O., Ademola, S.G. Arasi, K.K. Shittu, M.D., Akinwumi, A.O. & Togun, M.E. (2022). Evaluation of differently processed maggot (Musca domestica) meal as a replacement for fishmeal in broiler diets. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 70, 355-363. https://doi.org/10.11118/actaun.2022.026 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11118/actaun.2022.026
Akpodiete, O. J., & Inoni, O. E. (2000). Economics of production of broiler chickens fed maggot meal as replacement for fishmeal. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production, 27, 59-63. https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v27i.1881 DOI: https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v27i.1881
Aniebo, A. O., Erondu, E. S., & Owen, O. J. (2009). Replacement of fish meal with maggot meal in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) diets. Revista Cientifica UDO Agricola, 9(3), 666-671.
Aoac. (2012). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official methods of Analysis, 18th edition Gaithersburg, MD USA Official methods.
Atteh, J. O., & Ologbenla, F. D. (1993). Replacement of fishmeal with maggots in broiler diets: Effect on performance and nutrient retention. Nigeria Journal of Animal Production. 20, 44-49. https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v20i.2100 DOI: https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v20i.2100
Awoniyi, T. A. M., Aletor, V. A., & Aina, J. M. (2003). Performance of broiler chickens fed on maggot meal in place of fishmeal. International Journal of Poultry Science, 2, 271-274. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2003.271.274 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2003.271.274
Bokau, J. M., Nur, I., & Rakhmawati, R. (2020). Proximate analysis of maggot flour fermentation results using Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma viride. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 537, 012044-012051. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/537/1/012044 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/537/1/012044
Boland, M. J., Rae, A. N., Vereijken, J. M., Meuwissen, M. P. M., Meuwissen, M. P. M., Fischer, A. R. H., Boekel, M. A. J. S., Rutherfurd, S. M., Gruppen, H., Moughan, P. J., & Hendriks, W. H. (2013). The future supply of animal-derived protein for human consumption. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 29(1), 62-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2012.07.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2012.07.002
Daniel, D., Paulin, N., Timoleon, T., Felix, M., Michel, D.L., Melanie, T., & Janaina, M. K. (2019). Production and valorization of maggot meal: Sustainable source of proteins for indigenous chicks. Asian Journal of Research in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 3(3), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajravs/2019/v2i246 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/ajravs/2019/v2i246
Ewetola, E. A., & Olatunji, O. O. (2015). Spatial variability of soil morphology and physio-chemical properties in Ladoke Akintola University of Technology cashew plantation, Ogbomoso. International Journal of Applied Agriculture and Apiculture Research, 11(2), 137-145. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ijaaar/article/view/141691
Fasakin, E. A., Balogun, A. M., & Ajayi, O. O. (2003). Evaluation of full-fat and defatted maggot meals in the feeding of claris fish, Clarias gariepinus fingerlings. Aquaculture Research, 34(9), 733-738. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.2003.00876.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.2003.00876.x
Food and Agricultural Organization. (2014). Food and agriculture organization of the united nations, Rome, Italy. http://faostat.fao.org/default.aspx
Food and Agricultural Organization. (2021). The state of food security and nutrition in the world. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#home
Gollehon, N., Ribaudo, M., Kellogg, B., Caswell, M. & Lander, C. (2000). Confined animal production and manure nutrients. Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 25(2), 726-736.
Heuze, V., & Tran, G. (2013). Housefly maggot meal. Feedipedia.org. a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. http://www.feedipadia.org/node/671
Makinde, O. J. (2015). Maggot Meal: A Sustainable Protein Source for Livestock Production-A Review. Advances in Life Sciences and Technology, 31, 35-41.
Makkar, H. P. S., Tran, G., Heuze, A. V., & Ankars, P. (2014). State-of-the-art on use of insects as animal feed. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 197, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.07.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.07.008
Mallin, M. A., & Cahoon, L. B. (2003). Industrialized animal production. A major source of nutrient and microbial pollution to aquatic ecosystems. Population and Environment, 24(5), 369-385. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023690824045 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023690824045
Nzamujo, O. P. (2001). Techniques for maggot production: The Shongai experience. Retrieved from //www.ias.unu.edu/preceedings/icibs/ibs/shonghai.
Ogunji, J. O., Kloas, W., Wirth, M., Neumann, N., & Pietsch, C. (2008). Housefly maggot meal (Magmeal) as a protein source for Oreochromis niloticus (Linn). Asian Fisheries Science, 21, 319-331. https://doi.org/10.33997/j.afs.2008.21.3.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33997/j.afs.2008.21.3.006
Ogunji, J. O., Kloas, W., Wirth, M., Schulz, C., & Rennert, B. (2006). Housefly maggot meal: An emerging substitute of fishmeal in Tilapia diets. In: Proceedings of International Agricultural Research of Development, 7-11 p.
Pojić, M., Mišan, A., & Twari, B. (2018). Eco-innovative technologies for extration of proteins for human consumption from renewable protein sources of plant origin. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 75, 93-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2018.03.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2018.03.010
Singh, R., Langyan, S., Sangwan, S., Rohtagi, B., Khandelwal, A., & Shrivastava, M. (2022). Protein for human consumption from oilseed cakes: A review. Fronteirs in Sustainable Food Systems, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2022.856401 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2022.856401
Sogbesan, A. O., Ajuonu, N. D., Omojowo, F., Ugwumba, A. A., & Madu, C. T. (2005). Growth response, feed conversion rate and cost benefits of hybrid catfish fed maggot meal diets in outdoor tanks. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 3(2), 51-56. https://aquadocs.org/handle/1834/21685
Teguia, A., Mpoame, M., & Okourou, J. A. (2002). The production performance of broiler birds as affected by the replacement of fishmeal by maggot meal in the starter and finisher diets. Tropicultura, 20(4), 187-192.
Vodounnou, D. S., Djissou, A. M., Kpogue, D. N, Dakpogan, H., Mensah, G. A., & Fiogbe, E. D. (2015). Review about the use of the invertebrates in Pisciculture: Termites, earthworms and maggot. International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research, 3, 620-628.
Van Huis, A. (2013). Potential of insects as food and feed in assuring food security. Annual Review of Entomology, 58, 563-583. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-120811-153704 . DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ento-120811-153704
Veldkamp, T., Van Duinkerken, G., Van Huis, A., Lakemond, C. M., Ottevanger, E., Bosch, G., & Van Boekel, M. A. (2012). Insects as a sustainable feed ingredient in pig and poultry diets- a feasibility study. Rapport, 638-642. http://www.wageningenur
Zheng, W., Dong, Z., Wang, X.Q., Cao, M., Yan, B.L., & Li, S.H. (2010). Effects of dietary fly maggot (Musca domestica) on growth and body compositions in Chinese shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis juveniles. Fisheries Science, 29 (4), 187-192.
Wu, G., Fanzo, J., Miller, D. D., Pingali, P., Post, M., & Steiner, J. L. (2014). Production and supply of high-quality food protein for human consumption: sustainability, challenges, and innovations. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1321(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12500 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12500
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Ojebiyi Olusegun Ojeniyi, Idowu Adijat Oyeyemi, Onyia Samuel Uche, Oluyemi Elizabeth Oluseyi, Oyetunde Sodiq Olajide, Leshaodo Atinuke Mary
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
