Treatment replanning in head and neck cancer radiotherapy: an investigation based on clinical dosimetry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v2i11.380Keywords:
radiotherapy, head and neck cancer, treatment replan, radiation doseAbstract
Radiotherapy is a medical specialty based on controlled use of ionizing radiation for therapeutic purposes. Patients submitted to external beam radiation therapy of head and neck may suffer anatomical changes during the course of treatment. Frequent causes of such variations are the reduction of tumor volume, the progression of the disease during the course of radiotherapy, the loss of weight, and other causes. The conventional treatments are made of 33 to 35 fractions. Thus, the interval of time between the treatment planning computed tomography (CT) and the conclusion of the treatment surpasses two months. Monitoring significant anatomical variations and making adjustments to the plans of radiotherapy during the course of radiotherapy could be a relevant strategy to achieve the objectives proposed for the treatments. The objective of this study was to analyze how the variations in volume of interest, both target structures and healthy tissues could affect the dose distribution in the patient in radiation therapy treatment of head and neck cancer. This analysis will be made through investigation of metrics dose-volume, volumetric variations of target structures, as well as the parotid glands, patient thickness in the cervical region, image fusion, and isodose surfaces plotted on the CTs. The timing to Replan head and neck cancer appears to be around the 15th fraction of treatment, however a study with a larger number of patients is necessary. In case of adaptive radiotherapy, reduction of mean dose in the ipsilateral parotid was observed in 100% of patients, while in the contralateral parotid reduction was observed in 80% of patients. The decision to replan head and neck cancer has benefit in the spinal cord and brainstem since this study showed reduction in the maximum dose in 70% of patients in case of treatment replan. Decrease of dose including 95% of volume and minimum dose in the PTV (mean percentage decrease observed was 7.71%) was observed in case of no treatment replan. Increase in the maximum dose in the PTV was observed, for which the mean percentage increase observed was 2.42%. Adaptive radiotherapy improves the coverage of target volumes as well as the doses in OARs.
References
Alterio, D., Marvaso, G., Ferrari, A., Volpe, S., Orecchia, R., & Jereczek-Fossa, B. A. (2019). Modern radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Seminars in Oncology, 46(3), 233-245. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.seminoncol.2019.07.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1053/j.seminoncol.2019.07.002
Brown, E., Owen, R., Harden, R., Harden, F., Mengersen, K., Oestreich, K., Houghton, W., Poulsen, M., Harris, S., Lin, C., & Porceddu, S. (2016). Head and neck adaptative radiotherapy: Predicting the time to replan. Asia-Pacific Journal of
Clinical Oncology, 12(4), 460-467. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajco.12516 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ajco.12516
Castelli, J., Simon, A., Rigaud, B., Chajon, E., Thariat, J., Benezery, K., Vauleon, E., Jegoux, F., Henry, O., Lafon, C., & de Crevoisier, R. (2018). Adaptive radiotherapy in head and neck cancer is required to avoid tumor underdose. Acta Oncologica, 57(9), 1267-1270. https://doi.org/10.1080/0284186x.2018.1468086 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0284186X.2018.1468086
Gormley, M., Creaney, G., Schache, A., Ingarfield, K., & Conway, D. I. (2022). Reviewing the epidemiology of head and neck cancer: definitions, trends and risk factors. Brazilian Dental Journal, 233(9), 780-786. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-022-5166-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-022-5166-x
Hansen, E. K., Bucci, M. K., Quivey, J. M., Weinberg, V., & Xia, P. (2006). Repeat CT Imaging and replanning during the course of IMRT for head-and-neck cancer. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, 64(2), 355-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.07.957 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2005.07.957
Inca. (2023). Estimativa 2023: incidência de câncer no Brasil. Available in: https://www.inca.gov.br/publicacoes/livros/estimativa-2023-incidencia-de-cancer-no-brasil. Accessed on May 30, 2023.
Lou, J., Huang, P., Ma, C., Zheng, Y., Chen, J., Liang, Y., Li, H., Yin, Y., Liu, D., Yu, G., & Li, D. (2018). Parotid gland radiation dose-xerostomia relationships based on actual delivered dose for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, 19(3), 251-260. https://doi.org/10.1002/acm2.12327 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/acm2.12327
Morgan, H. E., & Sher, D. J. (2020). Adaptive radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Cancers of the Head & Neck, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41199-019-0046-z DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41199-019-0046-z
Schwartz, D. L., Garden, A. S., Shah, S. J., Chronowski, G., Sejpal, S., Rosenthal, D. I., Chen, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, L., Wong, P-F., Garcia, J. A., Ang, K. K., & Dong, L. (2013). Adaptive radiotherapy for head and neck cancer - Dosimetric results from a prospective clinical trial. Radiotherapy and Oncology: Journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, 106(1), 80-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2012.10.010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2012.10.010
Weppler, S., Quon, H., Banerjee, R., Schinkel, C., & Smith, W. (2018). Framework for the quantitative assessment of adaptive radiation therapy protocols. Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, 19(6), 26-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/acm2.12437
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Sérgio Domingos Dunduma Paca, Saulo Santos Fortes, Leonardo Peres da Silva, José Carvalho
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1) Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2) Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3) Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
