Role of foraging activity on longevity and demographic entropy of the social wasp Mischocyttarus cassununga (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v1i9.168Keywords:
life table, mortality, age, oxidative stress, physiological wear, MischocyttarusAbstract
As a result of the diversity in the repertoire of individual tasks in colonies of social wasps, dominant and subordinate females differ significantly in their longevity and, therefore, they and other social insects are particularly interesting for the study of longevity and population dynamics. Colony maintenance activities involving nest defense activities, foraging and caring for offspring demand a lot of energy expenditure and risks, which can significantly affect the average longevity of wasps. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that extrinsic factors imposed by foraging activity are determinant for the average longevity of Mischocyttarus cassununga workers. Colonies of this species under field and laboratory conditions were mapped in order to determine the average longevity and mortality pattern of their workers. The average longevity of workers observed in the field was 28.6 days and the entropy value (H) was equal to 0.96, determining high mortality of young workers, probably due to physiological wear resulting from foraging activity, lack of spatial orientation and possible action of predators. In the colonies studied in the laboratory, the average longevity of the workers extended to 142.4 days, and the entropy value was 0.26, indicating an inverse mortality pattern, with few deaths of young individuals and higher probability of individuals reaching the maximum longevity of the species. Factors such as physiological wear, weather and predator action, among others, are decisive to determine the life expectancy and average longevity of wasps of this species.
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