Brazilian Journal of Science

Biological activity of a benzene sulfonamide on perfusion pressure and coronary resistance using an isolated rat heart model

2024-04-02T09:39:18-03:00

There are studies which indicate that some sulfonamide derivatives can produce changes in the cardiovascular system; however, their biological activity on perfusion presure and coronary resistance is not clear. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect exerted by benzenesulfonamide, and their derivatives (2,5-dichloro- N-(4-nitro-phenyl)-benzene-sulfonamide, 2-hydrazino-carbonyl-benzenesulfonamide, 4-(2-amino-ethyl)-benze- ne-sulfonamide, and 4-[3-(4-nitro-phenyl)-ureido]-benzene- sulfonamide) on perfusion pressure and coronary reistance. To evaluate the biological activity of benzenesulfonamide and their derivatives on perfusion pressure and coronary reistance an isolated rat heart model was used. Furthermore, theoretical interaction of 4-(2-amino-ethyl)-benzenesul- fonamide with Calcium channel surface was determined using 6jp5 protein, nifedipine, amlodipine, verapamil and BayK 8644 as theoretical tools in a DockingServer program. The Results showed that 4-(2-amino-ethyl)-ben- zenesulfonamide decreased perfusion pressure and coronary resistance compared to benzenesulfonamide, 2,5-dichloro- N-(4-nitro-phenyl)-benzene-sulfonamide, 2-hydrazinocar- bonyl-benze-nesulfonamide, 4-[3-(4-nitro-phenyl)-ureido]- benenesulfonamide and the control conditions. Besides, theoretical data suggest that 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfo- namide could interact with aminoacid residues such as Glu₆₁₄and Ala₃₂₀involved in 6jp5 protein surface. This phenomenon could result in an ligand-Calcium channel complex formation to produce a decrease in perfusion pressure and vascular resistance. It is noteworthy that biological and experimental models used in this study is an invaluable research tool for investigating questions across the spectrum of physiologic functions of cardiovascular system such as perfusion pressure and coronary resistance

Infectious, inflammatory and neoplastic aspects for making an intestinal elimination stoma

2024-04-02T09:38:22-03:00

Intestinal ostomy is a surgical procedure that aims to change the path of effluents by externalizing part of the intestine on the surface of the abdomen. Life habits are factors that contribute to intestinal infections and inflammation, just as cancer is one of the pathologies that most often causes intestinal ostomies. This study aimed to identify, through review research, primary, infectious, inflammatory and oncological diseases that lead to intestinal infections and inflammations, as well as cancer being one of the pathologies that causes the most in ostomized individuals. A bibliographical review study of the literature with a qualitative approach of the descriptive reflective analysis type was carried out. Important points were reached under the influence of Crohn's disease and its relationship with the creation of an intestinal ostomy; Fournier syndrome related to the reason for creating an ostomy, and for colorectal cancer and the creation of an intestinal ostomy. It is concluded that patients with an intestinal ostomy, whether due to inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's disease, infectious diseases (Fournier Syndrome) or oncological diseases (colorectal cancer), are increasing due to modifiable factors linked to lifestyle, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, morbid obesity and poor eating habits associated with low water intake.

“How do I tell the story?”: Exploring sexual harassment and victimization among male students in Nigerian universities

2024-04-02T09:39:15-03:00

The paper investigated the phenomenon of sexual harassment in tertiary institutions in Nigeria. It however differs from the well-trodden path of perceiving sexual harassment as limited to the female gender. Sexual harassment is an old phenomenon that has ravaged societies and institutions for decades but has not yet been fully comprehended as a problem afflicting both genders in the society. Conventionally, sexual harassment was perceived as tool used by men to exhibit dominance over women. Incidentally, the paper utilizing qualitative methods of study discovered that even men (mainly male students and men in lower positions in organizations) experienced sexual harassment at one point or another in their lives. It also found out that these experiences are hardly reported or investigated. This situation derives mainly from the patriarchal nature of the African society where men are not socialized to express their pains and emotions openly as the society sees men as the stronger gender. In view of the foregoing, the paper makes a strong case for the utilization of social work approach among other strategies in tackling the problems faced by these silent victims of sexual harassment in tertiary institutions.

Use of drone to aid in the evaluation of soybean trials: A mini-review

2024-04-02T09:39:20-03:00

Rural producers are increasingly investing in technologies that allow them to produce more in less time, without the need to increase the planting area or the amount of input used. To this end, the use of technology tools has guaranteed efficiency in productivity and improved time, labor and decision making. The development of technologies focusing on drones has contributed to land use analyzes in precision agriculture. The objective of this study is to discuss, through a literature review, the use of drones to help evaluate soybean trials. The results demonstrate that drones have been widely used in soybean cultivation with varied applications and excellent results. Drones have been used to improve production, environmental preservation, economic sustainability, savings in the acquisition of fertilizers and agricultural pesticides, for monitoring areas, among other contributions to rural areas, ensuring efficiency and effectiveness in the production process and resulting in production economy. The importance of carrying out studies to demonstrate the advantage of using drones in soybean cultivation and disseminating knowledge in rural areas is highlighted, bringing knowledge to producers about the chain of agents involved, ranging from manufacturers to the final consumer.

Determining the height of cotton plants (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Malvaceae f. with the assistance of a drone

2024-04-02T09:39:12-03:00

The use of drones in crop assessment has become increasingly common. The use of drones presents benefits for evaluating the height of plants in various crops, including cotton, checking nutritional, phytosanitary, genetic parameters, abiotic and biotic effects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of drones to aid in the evaluation of trials in cotton cultivation. The study was carried out at the Goiano Institute of Agriculture, located in the municipality of Montividiu, State of Goiás, Brazil. A Phantom 4 Pro drone was used to carry out the mapping and WebODM was used to carry out photogrammetry and obtain a digital model of the surface area in the cotton field. In the experimental design, 4 randomized blocks with 10 treatments were used. The results demonstrated that there was no difference between the four blocks for vegetative index. The digital surface model proved to be efficient in detecting possible differences between the analyzed blocks. This analysis is essential to understand variations in response to cotton cultivation in different blocks and identify possible factors that contribute to these differences.

Effect of plant spacing on pigeonpea grain yield in Northern Uganda

2024-04-02T09:46:53-03:00

The aim of crop production is to achieve the highest possible yield per unit area. One way of increasing productivity per unit area is through plant spacing optimization. The effect of plant spacing (90 cm x 60 cm, 150 cm x 120 cm and 150 cm x 180 cm) on yield of three pigeonpea genotypes (KAT 60/8, ICEAP 00540 and ICEAP 00554) was investigated on-station in a small-plot field experiments in 2018. Significant differences were recorded in grain yield of all the three genotypes. The highest yield for all the three genotypes was recorded for row spacing of 90 cm and inter plant spacing of 60 cm, and the lowest for row spacing of 150 cm and inter plant spacing of 180 cm. Plant spacing effect on other yield parameters (number of pods per plant and 100 seed weight) were not significant. Similar effects were recorded for plant growth parameters (plant height and number of primary branches). Thus, it can be concluded that row spacing of 90 cm and interplant spacing of 60cm is appropriate for pigeonpea grain production in Uganda.

Effect of BioNiK-Phos and Phosphorus-based fertilizers on yield of hybrid sunflower in Northern Uganda

2024-04-02T09:38:25-03:00

The sunflower oil seed industry is one of the promising business sectors in Uganda for both domestic and export markets. Both open-pollinated varieties and hybrids are grown in Uganda. Average yields of open-pollinated varieties in farmers’ fields range from about 750-900 kg ha^-1 and hybrids about 2,000 kg/ha. For high production and productivity, sunflower requires fertilizers. The objective of this study was to establish the effects of BioNik-Phos and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilizers micro-dosing on yield of sunflower hybrid (PAN 5057) in Northern Uganda in 2021b and 2022a seasons. Field experiments were laid using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 replications per location in 3 locations in Alebtong District (Abako, Aloi and Angeta). There were significant (P < 0.05) differences in sunflower yields across treatments in all the three locations (Abako: 1,250-3,524 kg ha^-1, Aloi: 1,274-3,488 kg ha^-1 and Angeta: 1,238-3,369 kg ha^-1) in 2021 with or without micro-dosing with BioNiK-Phos and DAP fertilizer. A similar trend was recorded for 2022a season (Abako: 1,268-3,500 kg ha^-1, Aloi: 1,357-3,607 kg ha^-1 and Angeta: 1,286-3,417 kg ha^-1). The effect of DAP fertilizer micro-dosing on sunflower hybrid productivity was three folds in both years. BioNiK-Phos effect was, however, not significantly different (P < 0.05) from the control. This is the first report of the effect of BioNiK-Phos and DAP fertilizers micro-dosing of sunflower in Northern Uganda.